Effective Teaching

In the first place, teachers should get students involved in discussion and encourage them to exchange ideas in class because discussing can let the students be more knowledgeable. When discussing with people of different experiences, students can always know a large number of knowledge which they have not touched before because discussion is a reflection of one's knowledge. When discussing, different people hold different types of knowledge which is ready to exchange. Take myself for example, when I discuss with many adults and teachers, I know there are a lot of abilities I have to get, such as study abilities, communication abilities, the abilities to read people and etc. Secondly, teachers should get students involved in discussion and encourage them to exchange ideas in class because exchanging ideas with fellow classmates helps students develop critical thinking, presentation skills and other kind of soft skillsets. When discussing issues with peers, students tend to take a position on a certain issue. In this learning process, students will collect their thoughts, synthesize the concepts learned in textbook or in the lecture to support his or her points. Also, to respond to other's comments, students have to reflect on the rationale of their own arguments and come up with persuasive reasoning. It is obvious that such activities help students to learn more meaningful and extensively. Furthermore, students unconsciously learn how to express themselves affirmatively and make their points clear in front of a large audience. It takes the right amount of eye contacts, body languages and facial expression to convey one's idea in a convincing way. Additionally, teachers should get students involved in discussion and encourage them to exchange ideas in class because actively issues with peers can help students cope with different opinions. When discussing issues with peers, not only do students contribute to the class, but also they get a chance to be exposed to different ideas and perspectives. This is a very conducive experience since we are not living in a vacuum and learning how to appreciate, value and even embrace opinions that are unfamiliar to us can be very important. Further more, such experience can be useful in one's future career when one also has to confront with different business solutions provided by coworkers?

Crime-free Children Today Essay

Open a newspaper or switch on the radio for news and you will no doubt see a number of horrifying crimes reported there – murder, rape and robberies are no longer surprising or shocking news to the Indian citizens. But what can shock us is the fact that most, at least a third, of the crimes committed in a year are by youngsters below the age of 18. Juvenile delinquency is increasing rapidly. A large part of the world’s children are in India. Children are often perceived as the epitome of innocence and naivetà © by most people. But the phrase â€Å"child-like innocence† can no longer be used, because the adolescents are one of the most violent age categories in the world. There are many incidences of crimes committed by the adolescents these days. The number of juvenile court cases are increasing and the crimes become more horrifying by the minute. There are increasing evidences of road rages, crimes against women, violence in school etc. all committed by teenage rs. Parents and others involved in a child’s life are equally responsible for the child’s hostile behavior. The amount of violence in the adolescent’s day-to-day life plays a large role in this issue, too. The child’s guardians have to take time to understand this complex problem and try to solve it; but what most of the Indian parents do is say to themselves, â€Å"He/she will grow out of it,† and simply avoid the issue, hoping it is just a phase. But this ignorant way of treating the problem is the start of a life-long trouble that will not only affect the family, but also the society, because in most of the cases of aggressive juvenile violence, the adolescent grows to be a criminal, thus delaying the development and progress of the nation.  The family does not bother to think of what may be the cause of the child’s behavior. Violent mannerisms in children can include a wide range of behaviors: explosive temper tantrums, physical aggression, fighting, bullying, homicidal thoughts, use of weaponry, cruelty towards animals, destruction of property etc. Most of this is caused by the problematic upbringing of the child – parents who pamper and spoil their children or agree to the child’s tantrums are endangering the child’s future. The television and the media can also increase a child’s violent tendencies. A child tends to imitate what he observes and this is a huge problem in India, because Indian cinema often has its heroes resort to violence to bring down their opponents. This makes the child think that using assault and bloodshed to achieve one’s needs is fine. Video games lessen the child’s value for a human life, as most of them involve killing animated characters. Being a victim of sexual abuse, presence of firearms in the house and even head injuries during childhood can cause adolescent violence. Remember, violence always leads to violence. Now that most of the people and the Government of India are starting to recognize and address this issue, solutions have to be found and made accessible to the citizens. Parents have to look out for signs of intense anger, impulsiveness, irritability and cruelty in children and look for the reason. Feelings of revenge and vengeance should be discouraged; tell them what the Father of our Nation once said, â€Å"An eye for an eye makes the whole world blind.† Make it clear to them that violence does not solve anything. Only clearheaded thinking can lead to good results. The amount of violence that the child is exposed to through media has to be restricted, but the media can also help by raising awareness and to show the children the adverse affects of violence. Developing a reading habit is also highly helpful in curbing a child’s hostility. Family conflicts, problems in school, discrimination by other children etc. should be found out and solved. Parents should not hesitate to consult a psychiatrist if necessary. Making the adolescent part of the Indian population is necessary because only calm and responsible children can grow into stable, responsible, patriotic citizens in the future. We should remember that it is the youth that will shape our country’s future. Every child is bright in his or her own way and it is the duty of the adults to keep the light burning, for the next generation will fulfill the dreams of our great leaders and lead our  nation to its victorious destiny only if our society is united, strong and nonviolent. Teach the children to follow the Mahatma’s policy, the motto that toppled the British, the strongest invading force of the past century: nonviolence.

Night World : The Chosen Chapter 2

Bating him or doing something with his teeth. Tearing and sucking. Making noises like Pal did when he ate his dog food. For a moment Rashel was frozen. The whole world had changed and everything seemed like a dream. Then she heard somebody screaming and her throat hurt and she knew it was her. And then the tall man looked at her. He lifted his head and looked. And she knew that his face alone was going to give her nightmares forever. Not that he was ugly. But he had hair as red as blood and eyes that shone gold, like an animal's. There was a light in them that was like nothing she had ever seen. She ran then. It was wrong to leave Timmy, but she was too scared to stay. She wasn't brave; she was a baby, but she couldn't help it. She was still screaming as she turned around and darted through the flap in the tent. Almost darted through. Her head and shoulders got outside and she saw the red plastic tubes rising above her-and then a hand clamped on the back of her Gymboree shirt. A big strong hand that stopped her in midflight. Rashel was as helpless as a baby kitten against it. But just as she was dragged back into the tent, she saw something. Her mother. Her mother was coming around the corner of the climbing structure. She'd heard Rashel screaming. Her mother's eyes were big and her mouth was open, and she was moving fast. She was coming to save Rashel. â€Å"Mommeeeeeeeee!† Rashel screamed, and then she was back inside the tent. The man threw her to one side the way a kid at preschool would throw a piece of crumpled paper. Rashel landed hard and felt a pain in her leg that normally would have made her cry. Now she hardly noticed it. She was staring at Timmy, who was lying on the ground near her. Timmy looked strange. His body was like a rag doll's-arms and legs flopped out. His skin was white. His eyes were staring straight up at the top of the tent. There were two big holes in his throat, with blood all around them. Rashel whimpered. She was too frightened to scream anymore. But just then she saw white daylight, and a figure in front of it. Mommy. Mommy was pulling the tent flap open. Mommy was inside, looking around for Rashel. That was when the worst thing happened. The worst and the strangest, the thing the police never believed when Rashel told them later. Rashel saw her mother's mouth open, saw her mother looking at her, about to say something. And then she heard a voice-but it wasn't Mommy's voice. And it wasn't an out-loud voice. It was inside her head. Wait! There's nothing wrong here. But you need to stand very, very still. Rashel looked at the tall man. His mouth wasn't moving, but the voice was his. Her mother was looking at him, too, and her expression was changing, becoming relaxed and . . . stupid. Mommy was standing very, very still. Then the tall man hit Mommy once on the side of the neck and she fell over and her head flopped the wrong way like a broken doll. Her dark hair was lying in the dirt. Rashel saw that and then everything was even more like a dream. Her mother was dead. Timmy was dead. And the man was looking at her. You're not upset, came the voice in her head. You ‘re not frightened. You want to come right here. Rashel could feel the pull of the voice. It was drawing her closer and closer. It was making her still and not afraid, making her forget her mother. But then she saw the tall man's golden eyes and they were hungry. And all of a sudden she remembered what he wanted to do to her. Not me! She jerked away from the voice and dove for the tent flap again. This time she got all the way outside. And she threw herself straight at the gap in the climbing structure. She was thinking in a different way than she had ever thought before. The Rashel that had watched Mommy fall was locked away in a little room inside her, crying. It was a new Rashel who wiggled desperately through the gap in the padded room, a smart Rashel who knew that there was no point in crying because there was nobody who cared anymore. Mommy couldn't save her, so she had to save herself. She felt a hand grab her ankle, hard enough almost to crush her bones. It yanked, trying to drag her back through the gap. Rashel kicked backward with all her strength and then twisted, and her sock came off and she pulled her leg into the padded room. Come back! You need to come back right now! The voice was like a teacher's voice. It was hard not to listen. But Rashel was already scrambling into the plastic tube in front of her. She went faster than she ever had before, hurting her knees, propelling herself with her bare foot. When she got to the first fish-bowl window, I though, she saw a face looking in at her. It was the tall man. He was staring at her. He I banged on the plastic as she went by. Fear cracked in Rashel like a belt. She scrambled I faster, and the knocks on the tube followed her. He was underneath her now. Keeping up with I her. Rashel passed another window and looked down. She could see his hair shining in the sunlight. She could see his pale face looking up at her. And his eyes. Come down, came the voice and it wasn't stem anymore. It was sweet. Come down and we'll go get some ice cream. What kind of ice cream do you like best? Rashel knew then that this was how he'd gotten Timmy into the tent. She didn't even pause in her scrambling. But she couldn't get away from him. He was traveling with her, just under her, waiting for her to come out or get to a place where he could reach in and grab her. Higher. I need to get higher, she thought. She moved instinctively, as if some sixth sense was telling her which way to turn each time she had a choice. She went through angled tubes, straight tubes, tubes that weren't solid at all, but made of woven canvas strips. And finally she got to a place where she couldn't go any higher. It was a square room with a padded floor and netting sides. She was at the front of the climbing structure; she could see mothers and fathers standing and sitting in little groups. She could feel the wind. Below her, looking up, was the tall man. Chocolate brownie? Mint chip? Bubble gum? The voice was putting pictures in her mind. Tastes. Rashel looked around frantically. There was so much noise-every kid in the climbing structure was yelling. Who would even notice her if she shouted? They'd think she was joking around. All you have to do is come down. You know you have to come down sometime. Rashel looked into the pale face turned up to her. The eyes were like dark holes. Hungry. Patient. Certain. He knew he was going to get her. He was going to win. She had no way to fight him. And then something tore inside Rashel and she did the only thing a five-year-old could do against an adult. She shoved her hand between the rough cords that made the netting, scraping off skin. She pushed her whole small arm through and she pointed down at the tall man. And she screamed in a way she'd never screamed before. Piercing shrieks that cut through the happy noise of the other kids. She screamed the way Ms. Bruce at preschool had taught her to do if any stranger ever bothered her. â€Å"Help meeee! Help meeee! That man tried to touch me I† She kept screaming it, kept pointing. And she saw people look at her. But they didn't do anything. They just stared. Lots of faces, looking up at her. Nobody moving. In a way, it was even worse than anything that had happened before. They could hear her, but nobody was going to help her. And then she saw somebody moving. It was a big boy, not quite a grown-up man. He was wearing a uniform like the one Rashel's father used to wear before he died. That meant he was a Marine. He was going toward the tall man, and his face was dark and angry. And now, as if they had only needed this example, other people were moving, too. Several men who looked like fathers. A woman with a cellular phone. The tall man turned and ran. He ducked under the climbing structure, heading toward the back, toward the tent where Rashel's mother was. He moved very fast, much faster than any of the people in the crowd. But he sent words to Rashel's mind before he disappeared completely. See you later. When he was definitely gone, Rashel slumped against the netting, feeling the rough cord bite into her cheek. People down below were calling to her; kids just behind her were whispering. None of it really mattered. She could cry now; it would be okay, but she didn't seem to have any tears. The police were no good. There were two officers, a man and a woman. The woman believed Rashel a little. But every time her eyes would start to believe, she'd shake her head and say, â€Å"But what was the man really doing to Timmy? Baby-doll, sweetie, I know it's awful, but just try to remember.† The man didn't believe even a little. Rashel would have traded them both for the Marine back at the carnival. All they'd found in the tent was her mother with a broken neck. No Timmy. Rashel wasn't sure but she thought the man had probably taken him. She didn't want to think about why. Eventually the police drove her to her Aunt Corinne's, who was the only family she had left now. Aunt Corinne was old and her bony hands hurt Rashel's arms when she clutched her and cried. She put Rashel in a bedroom full of strange smells and tried to give her medicine to make her sleep. It was like cough syrup, but it made her tongue numb. Rashel waited until Aunt Corinne was gone, then she spat it into her hand and wiped her hand on the sheets, way down at the foot of the bed where the blankets tucked in. And then she put her arms around her hunched-up knees and sat staring into the darkness. She was too little, too helpless. That was the problem. She wasn't going to be able to do anything against him when he came back. Because of course he was coming back. She knew what the man was, even if the adults didn't believe her. He was a vampire, just like on TV. A monster that drank blood. And he knew she knew. That was why he'd promised to see her later. At last, when Aunt Corinne's house was quiet, Rashel tiptoed to the closet and slid it open. She climbed the shoe rack and squirmed and kicked until she was on the top shelf above the clothes. It was narrow, but wide enough for her. That was one good thing about being little. She had to use every advantage she had. With her toe, she slid the closet door back shut. Then she piled sweaters and other folded things from the shelf on top of herself, covering even her head. And finally she curled up on the hard bare wood and shut her eyes. Sometime in the night she smelled smoke. She got down from the shelf-falling more than climbing-and saw flames in her bedroom. She never knew exactly how she managed to run through them and get out of the house. The whole night was like one long blurred nightmare. Because Aunt Corinne didn't get out. When the fire trucks came with their sirens and their flashing lights, it was already too late. And even though Rashel knew that he had set the fire-the vampire-the police didn't believe her. They didn't understand why he had to kill her. In the morning they took her to a foster home, which would be the first of many. The people there were nice, but Rashel wouldn't let them hold her or comfort her. She already knew what she had to do. If she was going to survive, she had to make herself hard and strong. She couldn't care about anybody else, or trust anybody, or rely on anybody. Nobody could protect her. Not even Mommy had been able to do that. She had to protect herself. She had to learn to fight.

Duties of Directors Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Duties of Directors - Essay Example Again, any person in accordance with whose directions or instructions, the board of directors of a company is accustomed to act is deemed to be a director of the company. Speaking about the importance of directors, Neville J. observed in Bath v. Standard Land Co. (1910) that the board of directors are the brain of a company, which is the body and the company can and does act only through them. It is only when the brain functions that the company is said to function. Directors occupy a key position in the management and administration of a company. Their duties are usually regulated by the articles of the company. The duties of a director may be classified under the following heads It is the duty of a director to sign a prospectus and deliver it to the registrar before it is issued to the public. At the time of public issue the directors of the company must sign the prospectus and a copy of it must be submitted to the registrar of companies, before it is issued to the public. It is the duty of the director to see that all the moneys received from applications for shares are kept in a scheduled bank. According to the companies act it is the duty of the director to ensure that all the amounts received from the public in the form of application money are kept in a separate bank account opened with a scheduled bank. It is the duty of the director to ensure... 3. Not to allot shares before receiving minimum subscription It is the duty of the director to ensure that no shares are allotted before receiving minimum subscription. The directors have to ensure that before allotting the shares atleast 90% of the issue has been subscribed by the public. 4. Preparation of statutory report The directors must ensure that the statutory report is prepared and forwarded to all its members atleast 21 days before the date of the statutory meeting. The directors should also ensure that all the information provided in the statutory report are true and not misleading. 5. Holding a statutory meeting It is the duty of the director to hold the board meeting atleast once in three months. According to the companies act every company is required to hold a statutory meeting atleast once in every three months and it is the duty of the director to ensure that this provision is complied with. 6. To disclose his interest in a contract If a director is interested in a contract, it is the duty of the director to disclose the nature of his interest. It is the duty of the director to disclose any interest he has in any contract to be entered into by the company. 7. To call for annual general meeting It is the duty of the director to call for annual general meeting every year. The directors have to ensure that the annual general meetings are held according to the provisions of the companies act. 8. To file statutory returns It is the duty of the director to file all the statutory returns with the prescribed authority. 9. To file declaration of solvency

Symbolism and Polarization in Death in Venice by Thomas Mann Essay

Symbolism and Polarization in Death in Venice by Thomas Mann - Essay Example It is known as one of the richest novels in terms of symbolism; it is hard to deny this is a masterpiece which will never be written again. The author has also described phases of old age, obsession and solemnity, which profoundly represent the wealth and class of the main character and how he rejects his own self because of his respectable and wealthy status. The main character of Gustav von Aschenbach is a prototype of a fussy, aged German writer who is a highly disciplined, respectable and dignified man. He is a complicated and complex person. He is a wealthy and honourable man in the society and is well known in his profession. He sets out to travel to Venice after his experience in the city’s famed English gardens. He experiences terror and horror when he encounters a ghostly appearing figure. He wishes to go to Venice, which is known as the city of beauty and romance, but surprisingly enough becomes a creepy and sinister place for the protagonist (Mann 35). The depiction of Venice is itself a representation of class and culture in the novel, which also relates to the Mann’s class of being an educational writer visiting countries for his personal satisfaction. The novel represents the class and wealth in many ways. The way the writer has created a great piece of literature with the discussion and explanation of some amazing scenes and expressions in the novel has made it one of the best novels of its time. There are many authors and professionals who have considered this book as a representation of their work. This novel would give many aspects to the reader to think about, starting with its extreme sustainability in the character’s personality to the representation of wealth, class and society. His fame and wealth lead him to live a life respectable and dignified until he falls into the biggest trap of his life. He fights with himself and just because of his respect he lets go on some of his own desires. He knew that as his respect fa lls in people’s eyes, his status and wealth will both go away from him and it will ruin all his life, and with it he could not afford to play. Many other great literature works were published during that time period; some managed to show the essence of age, for example, Heart of Darkness. The story was representing the ages of man and the art in their life, but it did not solely relate to the artistic purpose; in fact it represented the age, the wealth, the fame that came with age, and the life from three different points of view. Notes from Underground is another publication of that time which showed the culture and the revolution. It was a great piece of literature and was subjected to classicism just like the Death in Venice was written representing the classism of the culture and symbolism. It also included the elements of obsession, passion, art and a full retreat of the society (O’ Hehir 11). Though many literature works were published during that time, the maste rpieces were those which represented wealth, class and culture. Thomas Mann and other writers wrote much about the class of great artists and gave their novels a very artistic approach to enable them to relate to the society in which there was fame, money and class. These books were usually written in fiction, and portrayed a great message for the readers to learn and open their minds. The work of Thomas Mann related very closely to his own life. His novel and his main character described what

Is there an 'ideal' approach to restaurant design and what Essay

Is there an 'ideal' approach to restaurant design and what elements create an emotional attachment to the consumer - Essay Example motional, intellectual or spiritual manner, meaning that people have varying experiences, since experience is a personal internal reaction to the events in the surrounding. Among the modern businesses that have adopted the interior design and customer emotional connection approach are restaurants, which consider this more of business strategy as ideal in improving the customer experience and loyalty. This paper seeks to analyze the interior design in restaurants and to discover how they create an emotional attachment with customers. It investigates the key design factors such as lighting, materials, forms and objects in order to have a deeper understanding as to why people have an emotional attachment to restaurants. It presents an analysis of different theories as proposed by different authors, and compares each of such theories with the other. The analysis details are then used in the determination of the ideal approach to design in restaurants and what elements create an emotional attachment to the consumer. Customers visit restaurants in order to enjoy the food, as well as to have the experiences in business negotiations, communication, together with other ranges of social activities. Therefore, the restaurants offer integrated functions expected of a living room, dining room, courtyard, meeting room, or the playground, and this enhances place attachment for the customers. Place attachment is viewed as â€Å"a positive emotional attachment to a place indicated by individuals through excitement, belonging, satisfaction and dependency they have towards it† ( Maharani, p. 183). In this case, the customer must have a satisfactory experience of all the senses, including the smell, hearing, sight, as well as haptic. In the interior design practices, sight is seen to have a dominant role in the desired customer experience. Therefore, designs give much attention to material, color, illumination, and formation. On the other hand, other senses that include hearing,

Different Speaking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Different Speaking - Essay Example English language is viewed as the simplest subject which is based on experience and personal judgment. Perhaps, according to the character his skills in this language where never referred to as poor but he never performed best. Compared to maths and sciences, he always scored A’s in these subjects unlike in the English subject where he used to score B’s. Although math’s has only one specific answer while English answers are based on personal judgment and experience he still scored highest in maths. Consequently,Eliza Doolittle who comes from a poor back ground and who has a flower shop has a bad Englishdue to the cultural influence has to be helped by Henry to improve her language to become good. He is told how to improve her pronunciation to become more fluent in order to be able to communicate with different kinds of people. It is of great importance for Eliza to be told how to pronounce to English well so as to be serving different kind of peoples regardless o f their neither origin nor back ground. Henry has an inner motive or rather it can be called personal intentions while teaching Eliza how to pronounce well because he wants to marry her. It can be seen as early preparation because henry also does the act of teaching Eliza English because it is viewed as for the high class people. Concurringly; different ways of identity is intertwined in that how different people speak and the ways in which a person feels of their own tongues.The view that language is a symbol that brings those people who speak it together is clearly explained in the example given by Amy tan’s. Further the play defined home languages as those which are spoken back at home by families when they are together. Because of the persistence practice and speaking of English, the character has lost most of the traditional influence. After 250 years of colonization, the Spanish that is being spoken is different. The practice of adjusting vowels into single syllable and other times shift the stress into certain words is commonly practiced. Consequently, the biblical of a child hood is also clearly explained. During the early days of school the main character was the only black person; his other colloquies where white. He bring into the mind of the readers the scenario which one faces as a child when introduced to school when they were used to spending most of their time with parents and families. Eliza at the first time felt out of place as most of the attention was drown to him sarcastically by even the nuns who controlled the school. Though he come for a fair background, his parents had the ambitions and faith in whatever little thy got to run the family affairs.Elizalived in a world that composed of many different languages. His life style never changed at any given time. Outside their house was the public society and when he came back to the house was the private society. He used to interact with her friends outside the house how specked diffe rent language but when he return into the house, his mother and dad will always talk their mother-tongue which made it be called private society (Moragaand Gloria). Eliza argues that biblical supporter of today explains that those who did not get the opportunity to be taught by their family language missed a great deal. He explains that most of the time their family gather at night to practice what was referred to as their English. They could try to define different terms, pronounce them and even they would play with strange English sounds.

Tesla electrical car Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Tesla electrical car - Essay Example This essay will focus on the marketing method for a special product of the famous automobile company named Tesla Motors Inc (Marchionne, 2009). Product Identification The company of Tesla primarily engages in the production and sales of hybrid or electric cars. The researcher would introduce the brief marketing strategy of the Model S electric car for the company. This car is basically an electric car with seven seats manufactured by the company. The car is characterized with a rigid body structure. The weight proportion distributed in the car is 50-50. It is claimed that this car has a low centre of gravity. The company claims that the features of the car qualify it to be an efficient sports car. However, the external appearance of the car looks like a top class Sedan (Teslamotors, 2013). Figure 1: Model S (Source: Teslamotors, 2013) It is claimed by the company that the acceleration of the car is instantaneous owing to the inbuilt power train technology used for manufacturing the c ar. The form of energy used in the car is gasoline. The car also has a multilink suspension system that provides complete comfort to the users. The smooth power steering of the car is found to react automatically to any changes in the driving conditions (Teslamotors, 2013). Target Market The above context clearly shows that the Model S of Tesla is an efficient car that is well equipped with a lot of advanced technical features. However, while formulating its product marketing (Model S), the company needs to strategically focus on the target customers. All the marketing activities would be then formulated on the basis of the needs and preferences of the consumers. Market Opportunities After the emergence of globalization in 1990, the developing economies in the world have significantly grown up by enjoying the benefits of industrial revolution in the developed economies. The company through its marketing strategies should grasp the growing market demand in the emerging economies of t he world. It is found that the countries like, Russia, India, China and Brazil, are enjoying the fruits of economic development in the form of rise in their per capita income levels. The rise in per person income has increased the level of luxurious demand that is created by the individuals in these economies. The Tesla company must try to grasp the growing market demand of individuals in these economies (Mom, 2004). Today, the consumers are highly conscious about the protection and preservation of environment. This is the reason due to which the electric vehicles are now on high demand in the market. Model S of Tesla comprises of all the good features that a modern electric car should possess. Thus, the growing market demand of the electric cars provides an excellent opportunity for the company to sell its desired product in the market. Rather, the degree of urbanization in countries across the globe is improving and has significantly increased the demand for cars in the market. Th e gross revenue generated by the entire automobile industry has increased in the last few years. So, the rising living standards of the individuals, growing consciousness about environmental protection and the booming aggregate demand in the automobile industry are the primary market opportunities for Tesla’

Watch the film A Taste of Honey (1961). Analyze the film as a work of Movie Review

Watch the film A Taste of Honey (1961). Analyze the film as a work of Kitchen Sink Realism and discuss the work in light of questions of class, gender and race in 1950s Britain - Movie Review Example The director has been very clever in handling the movie because body language says more than meet the words. Tony Richardson is also known for producing other movies like Jean Giraudx’s The Apollo of Bellac. He won an Academy award in 1964 for Best Director of the film Tom Jones. Dora Bryan (Helena), Jo’s mother, is a very selfish woman who is in constant pursuit of her own happiness. You can tell this by the way she combs her hair, puts on her lipstick or light the cigarette. Dora Bryan is also known for her role in Absolutely Fabulous. She won BAFTA awards as Best Actress in A Taste of Honey. Rita Tushingham, also known as Jo, plays the role of an adolescent girl who is also a working class. Her wide eyes show a mixture of fear and innocence. She is aware of her mother’s lack of love and she expresses this by bending her shoulders. She generally carries the weight of being unwanted. Rita Tushingham is known for her supporting roles in The Knack, Doctor Zhivago, just to mention a few. She was nominated Best Actress (BAFTA) in 1966 and also in 1962 Most Promising Newcomer for her role in ‘A Taste of Honey’. This movie is all about black and white people, gay and straight, mothers and daughters. Jo is a 17-year old school girl who lives wither promiscuous and domineering mother, Helen. Jo was longing for love and attention from her mother only for things to get worse between the two of them when her mother enters into a new relationship. This latest ‘romance’ drives Jo out of their apartment and she finds herself in the streets. She later spends the night with a black sailor who ended up impregnating her. Jo’s mother decides to abandon her and move in with her lover after which Jo finds a job and a room for herself. She then meets Geoffrey co-worker who is a shy and lonely homosexual and they agree to share a flat. She discovers later that she is pregnant with the sailor’s child and Geoffrey returns a favor by caring for

Internet and children Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Internet and children - Research Paper Example This paper will aim to understand the facets of children and internet. It is clear that internet and technology are vital components of the future. With the advent of technology, the internet has become a very strong force. Internet is a monumental channel that can have a positive and a negative impact on children. The advent of social media has revolutionized internet, but is it safe for children. In my opinion, the internet has become an addiction for the children in more bad than good. As a matter of fact, this paper will aim to analyze this addiction that has deterred children from physical activity. The question remains- has the Internet produce a thinking and analysis in children? Are We Losing Our Ability to Think Critically?, an excellent article written by Samuel Greengard certainly agrees with this phenomena. As a matter of fact, conducive research statistics indicate this to be a vital force as many children use GOOGLE as a search engine. Additionally, many scholars insist that at least 65% of children have been a victim of cyber bullying. Without a doubt, these are hefty sources. The advent of internet has opened many paths but has may diminish critical thinking. Children are quick to GOOGLE or use Wikipedia as their primary source of information.

Critically assess theories of Transaction Cost Economics and Resource Essay

Critically assess theories of Transaction Cost Economics and Resource Based View in terms of their usefulness in explaining firm - Essay Example However, in the modern approach, internationalization only explains the relationships existing between companies (Revilla, Cordeiro and Sarkis, 2011). Transaction cost of economics according to Williamson (1981) explains the cost incurred by a buyer or a seller to execute an economic dealing. It also explains the process via which the firm takes its decision to operate in the open market or in hierarchy. Transaction cost includes aspects of specificity, uncertainty and government mechanisms (Grover and Malhotra, 2003). Asset specificity is the primary explanatory factor of transaction cost theory (Williamson, 2008). Asset specificity refers to the transferability of the assets in business. The extent of asset specificity is directly proportional to the level of effectiveness of occurrence of an economic transaction. The resource based view explains that the firms may attain sustainable competitive advantage by using non-substitutable rare resources. And this advantage in turn helps t he firms to frame strategies for international business. Figure 1: Transaction Cost in Buisness (Source: Stephen, 2013) As shown in the above graph, the rise in the scale of business operations helps a firm to achieve competitive advantage and thereby helps it to reduce the cost the transaction cost of business. Thus competitive advantage facilitates internationalization of firms business by reducing their business operating costs. Application of the Theories The theories of transaction cost under the resource based view helps to justify the wide practice of internationalization in the modern world. In the last 30 years in the global economy, firms with large financial resources have turned into Multinational Corporations that undertook the process of foreign direct investment in business. These firms expand their competitive advantage by efficiently allocating resources in business and thereby reducing the cost of transaction. This has been facilitated after the emergence of global ization and liberalization in the world economy. The business firms in the modern world try to use unique resources in business to attain competitive advantage and thereby reduce the cost of any business transactions. These firms appoint the resources on the basis of VRIN analysis. The resources used by these companies are valuable, rare, non imitable and non-substitutable in nature. Weakness of the Theory However, there have been several weaknesses in the theory of transaction cost of economics under the resource based view. In reality, it becomes almost impossible to find a resource that suffices the conditions of Barneys VRIN analysis. It is also believed by analysts that resource that provided competitive advantage to a firm may be converted into a weakness if a sudden unfavourable change in the environment takes place. A resource cannot provide competitive advantage as that can easily be purchased by other companies. The concept of sustainability is highly versatile in nature. Today, the firms can only enjoy sustainable competitive advantage if its rivals in the industry do not imitate their competences. Alternative Perspectives According to the theory of transaction cost of resource based view, the modern business firms try to attain competitive advantage in their business activities in order to reduce the cost

Major Factors Contributing To Habitat Loss Essay Example for Free

Major Factors Contributing To Habitat Loss Essay Fragmentation and degradation are two major contributors that go hand in hand with development. Hillstrom and Hillstrom point out that Inefficient community design is one cause of habitat fragmentation. Another is the haphazardly built system of secondary highways and roads that is both a cause and result of sprawl(12) . When subdivisions go in, more and more often they are homes with one to two acre zoning, resulting in the sprawl for one housing development covering even more area. Throughout the United States millions and millions of miles of these interconnected roads and highways, that serve to connect the housing and the commercial developments, form barriers, creating separated little oasis, of sustainable habitat. As development proceeds, subdivisions, factories, and strip malls spread even further afield, all being connected to each other by this constantly growing network of tar and concrete. It is an endless cycle of human growth and expansion, and connection. Not enough care and planning is being taken to keep wildlife habitat, animal life, and biodiversity alive and thriving. Regarding Fragmentation of habitat, Silberstein and Maser refer to it as The most serious threat to biological, genetic, and functional diversity(13). Maser and Silberstein cite that fragmentation Is the primary cause of not only the often discussed global crisis of the rate of biological extinctions but also the less discussed crisis regarding the rate of local extinction(14). (12) Hillstrom Kevin, Hillstrom Laurie Collier. North America: A Continental Overview of Environmental Issues. Edition: illustrated, Published by ABC-CLIO, 2003. P. 18. (13) Johnson Elizabeth Ann. Klemens Michael W. Nature in Fragments: The Legacy of Sprawl. Edition: illustrated, Published by Columbia University Press, 2005. P. 43. (14) ) Maser Chris, Silberstein Jane, Land-use Planning for Sustainable Development. Published by CRC Press, 2000,p. 43. 5 Fragmentation causes the formation of those islands of refuge, that the animals in the area naturally are drawn, to in search of sustainable habitat. It does not usually take too long, before so many animals are drawn into the enclosed havens, confined by the spiderweb of roads and highways, that the food sources available there become too depleted to support the refugees contained within the man made boundaries. Fragmentation, and the total stripping of vegetation and food sources in these areas destroys the biodiversity of the habitat in a manner it may not ever be able to recover from even after the animals are gone, either starved to death or attempting to migrate elsewhere. Authors Emel and Wolch, in their book, Animal Geographies’ state that Some animals can adapt to such fragmentation and to the human proximity it implies, but more commonly animals die in situ, or migrate to less fragmented areas(15) , and as already noted, migration across the man made roadways is a risk as well. Smaller animals such as bird varieties, and squirrels, lower life forms such as insects and such are able to adapt, and at times even thrive in small park like settings, but foxes, racoon, deer, and other larger predatory animals like bears, and cougars have no place within man’s neighborhoods. Degradation of the habitat is just as bad, it may take a little longer to become apparent, but often when an area is identified, it is already in danger of complete collapse. Many times the corporations are only exposed as guilty of negligent practices resulting in contamination, and or polluting an area, after a major animal die off draws attention to the problem. â€Å" The threats of massive environmental degradation and species extinction and the commodification of billions of animals as the economy goes global have led to turbulent politics surrounding animals(16). Oil spills, chemical releases, water source contamination have all made headlines, and help draw attention to the situation, and create awareness of the plight of animals in our areas. (15) Emel Jody, Wolch Jennifer. Animal Geographies: Place, Politics, and Identity in the Nature-culture Borderlands, Edition: illustrated, Published by Verso, 1998,p. 127. (16) Ibid. p. 8. 6

Analysis of Heavy Metals Found in Vegetables

Analysis of Heavy Metals Found in Vegetables Analysis of heavy metals found in vegetables from some cultivated irrigated gardens in the Amravati City, India. Arvaind Chavhan, Dhote Jayashree  and Ingole Sangita Introduction Irrigation is the artificial addition of water to soils in order to meet plants’ needs to overcome drought limitations and improve the crops’ yields. However, other factors such as soil and water quality and management practices are also important. Wastewater irrigation is known to contribute significantly to the heavy metal contents of soils (Mapanda et al., 2005; Devkota and Schmidt, 2000). In Zimbabwe, Nyamangara and Mzezewa (1999) implicated land disposal of sewage and industrial effluents as the chief source of heavy metal enrichment of pasturelands and agricultural fields. Barrow and Webber (1972), Pike et al. (1975) pointed out the dangers of repeatedly treating soils with metallurgical slag because of the possible build up of elements to toxic concentrations. Juste (1974) observed that the spreading of some organic wastes (town refuse, domestic and industrial effluents etc) might contribute to increased levels of nonessential metals in soil, which could cause poor plant growth. Studies conducted by Kisku et al. (2000) in Kalipur, Bangladesh, on the uptake of Cu, Pb, Ni and Cd by Brassica oleracea from fields irrigated with industrial effluent indicated widespread contamination from heavy metals despite showing a healthy and gigantic external morphology. High levels of accumulation of heavy metals from soil by common garden vegetables have been reported by many env ironmental researchers (Boon and Soltanpour, 1992; De Pieri et al., 1997; Xiong, 1998). Therefore, heavy metal contamination of vegetables cannot be underestimated as these foodstuffsare important components of human diet. Vegetables are rich sources of vitamins, minerals, and fibers, and also have beneficial anti-oxidative effects. However, intake of heavy metal-contaminated vegetables may pose a risk to the human health. This is because, heavy metals have the ability to accumulate in living organisms and at elevated levels they can be toxic. It has been reported that prolonged consumption of unsafe concentrations of heavy metals through foodstuffs may lead to the chronic accumulation of the metals in the kidney and liver of humans causing disruption of  numerous biochemical processes, leading to cardiovascular, nervous, kidney and bone diseases  (Trichopoulos,1997; Jarup, 2003). Determination of the chemical composition of plants is one of the most frequently used methods of monitoring environmental pollution. Various plants have been used as bioindicators (Kasanen and Venetvaara, 1991). Several studies have been reported on the accumulation of environmental pollutants in plants. In Israel, for example lichen and higher plant species were exposed near industrial areas in order to detect the accumulation of heavy metals in these plants (Naveh et al., 1979). Tree barks and their leaves remain in the environment for a long period and are sensitive indicators of the environmental contamination with heavy metals, sulphur and fluorine (Ayodele and Ahmed, 2001). Batagarawa (2000), analyzed moss plant in Kano metropolis for heavy metals and reported high levels of lead, zinc and cadmium from industrial areas of Sharada, Bompai and Challawa. Nuhu (2000) also reported high levels of cadmium, manganese and lead in mango leaves obtained from industrial areas of Bompai, Challawa and Sharada in Kano metropolis.Kano is one of the highly populated cities in Nigeria. It lies within longitude 8 ° 32’E and latitude 11 ° 58’N, within a topographical drainage of River J akara flowing north east. The vegetation of the area is the savannah type, with more grasses than hard wood trees. The average annual rainfall of the area is 817 mm and the temperature varies between 27 to 35 °C with a moderate relative humidity. Study area Jakara (JKR) and Kwakwachi (KKC) gardens are irrigation sites alongside Jakara river valley at Ahmaddiya and Sabon-gari areas respectively, while Sharada (SRD) garden is located in the middle of industries at Sharada industrial estate all in the Kano metropolis. In these three sites, farming activities are carried out throughout the year but with domestic and industrial wastewaters being used to treat the soils during dry seasons. Thomas (TMS) Dam is another irrigation site outside Kano metropolis where fresh water from the dam is being used to treat the  soils during dry seasons.   The objectives of this study were to analyze the vegetable samples from the irrigation sites for heavymetals and to compare results obtained with one another and with those of National Agency for Food and Drugs Administration and Control (NAFDAC) safe limits, while using vegetable (spinach, okra, onions and tomatoes) samples from Thomas Dam as control. The metals of interest include cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn). The results obtained from this study will be useful for assessing the metals contamination and as well as determining the need for remediation. The results would also provide information for background levels of metals in the vegetables in the study area. MATERIALS AND METHODS Analytical reagent (AnalaR) grade chemicals and distilled water were used throughout the study. All glassware and plastic containers used in this work were washed with detergent solution  followed by 20%( v/v) nitric acid and then rinsed with tap water and finally with distilled water. Sampling and sample treatment The vegetables analyzed include spinach, okra, tomatoes and onions. Samples were collected twice in the year 2002 from three different farms in each site. The first round of sampling was carried out in May towards the end of the dry season while the second round was in September at the peak of the rainy season. Each sample was randomly handpicked, wrapped in a big brown  envelope and labeled. In the laboratory, each sample was washed with tap water and thereafter with distilled water and then dried in an oven at 80 °C (Larry and Morgan, 1986). At the end of the drying, the oven was  turned off and left overnight to enable the sample cool to room temperature. Each sample was grounded into a fine powder, sieved and finally stored in a 250 cm3 screw capped plastic jar  appropriately labeled. Digestion procedure A 2.0 g of the sample was weighed out into a Kjaedahl flask mixed with 20 cm3 of concentrated sulphuric acid, concentrated perchloric acid and concentrated nitric acid in the ratio 1: 4: 40 by volume respectively and left to stand overnight. Thereafter, the flask was heated at 70 °C for about 40 min and then, the heat was increased to 120 °C. The mixture turned black after a while (Erwin and lvo, 1992). The digestion was complete when the solution became clear and white fumes appeared. The digest was diluted with 20 cm3 of distilled water and boiled for 15 min. This was then allowed to cool, transferred into 100 cm3 volumetric flasks and diluted to the mark with distilled water. The sample solution was then filtered through a filter paper into a screw capped polyethylene bottle. Instrumental analysis An Alpha 4 model atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Chemtec Analytical, UK) equipped with photomultiplier tube detector and hollow cathode lamps was used for the determination of metal concentrations. Working standards were also prepared by further dilution of 1000 ppm stock solution of each of the metals and a calibration curve was constructed by plotting absorbance versus concentration. By interpolation, the concentrations of the metals in sample digests were determined. Statistical analysis All analysis was performed in triplicates. Results were expressed by means of  ±SD. Statistical significance was established using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Means were separated according to Duncan’s multiple range analysis (p RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The mean concentrations of Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in different vegetable samples from the three effluent irrigated sites and the control are listed in Tables 1A and B. The results generally show significant levels (p However, there are a few cases in the control site where negative values were recorded for percentage loss of metal in rainy season samples over those of the dry season, thus indicating an increase in metal levels in the rainy season samples over those of the dry season (Table 2). This may be attributed to the possibility of the runoffs from the surrounding land containing metal salts being washed into the control site. Generally, the mean concentration range of Cu in all vegetables analyzed was 0.30 to 7.50 mg/Kg, with the highest concentration recorded for Jakara onions and the lowest for spinach from the control site. The maximum value recorded is below the National Agency for Food  and Drug Administration and Controls (NAFDAC) maximum tolerable Cu concentration of 40 mg/Kg in fresh vegetables (Figure 1). Ni was below detectable level in the control samples while the highest level of 2.02 mg/Kg was obtained in SRD spinach. Also Pb was below the detectable level in control samples while SRD spinach recorded the highest level of 1.60 mg/Kg. The highest values obtained for Pb and Ni are below the NAFDAC safe limits for these metals (2.00 and 2.70 mg/Kg, respectively) in fresh vegetables. The mean concentration range for Co was found to be 0.12 to 1.14 mg/Kg with the highest concentration recorded in JKR onions and the lowest in tomato from control site. The mean concentration range for Cr was found to be 0.16 to 0.85 mg/Kg with the highest concentration recorded in JKR spinach and the lowest in the okra from control site. The results indicated the mean concentration range of Zn to be 0.67 to 18.89 mg/Kg with the highest concentration found in JKR onions and the lowest in tomatoes from the control site. However, the highest value obtained is still below the NAFDAC safe limit of Zn (50 mg/Kg) in fresh vegetables. The results  obtained in this study are comparable with some literature values of similar studies reported previously (Onianwa et al., 2001; Erwin and Ivo, 1992; Pennington et al., 1995). Consequently, from the results, the general trend for the mean levels of metals analyzed in all vegetables sampled from the three effluent irrigated sites as well as the control for both dry and rainy seasons showed that for the concentrations of Cu and Zn, JKR > KKC > SRD > Control; for Co and Cr concentrations, JKR> SRD> KKC > Control; for Ni concentration, SRD> JKR > KKC > Control, and for Pb concentrations, SRD > KKC > JKR > Control (Figure 1).These sequences indicated that the metal contents of the vegetables are higher in areas being treated with wastewater. The observation is in good agreement with other studies elsewhere (Sharma et al., 2006; Sawidis et al., 2001) which suggested that uptake of metals by plants is proportional to their concentrations and availabilities in soils. Dasuki (2000) had earlier reported high levels of Cr (1.5 to 3.8 mg/Kg) in effluents from Sharada and Challawa industrial estates while Batagarawa (2000) had also reported high levels of Cu (1.74 to 1 1.54 mg/Kg), Pb (10.38 to 154.64 mg/Kg), and Zn (11.40 to 87.34 mg/Kg) in the samples of moss plant from Bompai and Sharada industrial estates in Kano metropolis. The trend also shows that JKR garden recorded highest mean concentrations in four out of six metals analyzed (Co, Cu, Zn and Cr), while SRD garden recorded highest concentrations in two metals (Ni and Pb). Hence, the trend for the level of contamination by metals in the irrigation gardens is JKR > SRD > KKC > control (Figure 1). The high mean levels of Pb and Ni in SRD samples could be attributed to industrial emissions (Yilmaz and Zengin, 2004) while the high level of Pb in KKC could be attributed to automobile emissions as a result of its proximity to the road side in addition to the possible high levels of metal in contaminated wastewater being used for irrigation. The close relationship between lead concentrations and traffic intensity has been  demonstrated in detail by many authors (Li et al., 2001; Viard et al.,2004). Furthermore, the relative high levels of Zn, Cu, Co and Cr in JKR and KKC samples may be attributed to the contaminated Jakara stream (Ogbalor, 1991; Dasuki, 2 000) used for treating soils at the two  sites, as many industrial and domestic waste waters are discharged into it. Conclusion This study further confirms the increased danger of growing vegetables on soils irrigated with contaminated industrial and domestic wastewaters. However, the levels of the metals are currently within the NAFDAC safe limits guidelines. But, if the practice of treating the soils in the irrigation gardens with contaminated waters is not controlled, it may lead to health hazard on the part of consumers of the vegetables on the long term. Therefore, there is the need to continually monitor, control and take necessary policy decisions so as to limit and ultimately  prevent these avoidable problems. However, in the mean time, farmers from the study areas are hereby encouraged to use well water for irrigation in their gardens instead of contaminated streams. Table :1 Heavy metal concentration of Waste water of Amravati ciy, Maharashtra India. (mean Value)

Importance Of Geographic Profiling

Importance Of Geographic Profiling This paper shall give a comprehensive discussion about the importance of geographic profiling to aid in investigative methods employed by government agents and police officers in pinpointing predatory criminals. The sophistication of the techniques in crime scene investigation have kept pace with the rapid development in the tools and technologies used in the field, and this has enabled police authorities to employ a variety of methods to help them pinpoint perpetrators in the most accurate, efficient and timely way. The renewed public interest in the formerly esoteric field of forensic science has been sparked by a series of television shows that are focused mainly on the techniques and tools used by crime scene investigators in the course of their daily work. For example, Coetzee (2008) noted the popular TV series Crime Scene Investigation (CSI) in all its different seasons have helped to throw some light into the work performed by crime scene investigators. As has already been mentioned, new and more sophisticated ways of doing crime scene investigation is being designed every day. On the one hand, this is meant to keep up with the developments in the field of forensic science. On a more practical note, however, developing new techniques and tools will help police authorities to clear their cases faster and more efficiently and allow them to stay on top of all their assignments. Likewise, the reality is that more and more perpetrators are employing more covert methods to keep themselves out of the reach of the law, and so police investigators must be able to devise ways to speed up the proceedings of their cases in such a way as to effect speedy justice. There are various ways by which crimes are solved, and it is by no means only the police investigator who is responsible for the successful closure of a criminal case. The investigation of a crime involves a wide array of activities and areas of expertise, such as DNA profiling to examine shoe prints, toxicology and handwriting analysis (Sjerps, 2008). Other scientific experts are also routinely called upon to testify in court depending on the nature and circumstances involved in the crime at bar. The solution to a crime starts with the crucial information that a dutiful crime scene investigator can offer (Coetzee, 2008). He or she identifies, interprets, and provides the necessary clues and leads for the investigator in charge to follow. The ever-increasing importance of the detection and identification of physical evidence left in a crime scene in order to bring about a successful prosecution also underscores the critical nature of a crime scene investigators work. The Locard principle-that every contact leaves a trace-is the primary assumption on which crime scene investigation rests. Thus, when two objects come together, there will inevitably be mutual contamination and it is through the proper tracing and identification of these contamination points that crimes can be possibly solved. Trace evidence is any object that can be brought back to police laboratories that may help investigators determine who committed a crime and why (Thompson, 2006). Because of the critical nature of the evidence, they must be preserved properly and analyzed accurately in order to withstand the rigors of court examination. An investigator may probably be able to work with very small amounts of trace evidence, but the persistence and purity of such evidence is important for him or her to cull crucial information from the same. Whether or not they criminals are aware of it, they actually leave something in the surroundings, while at the same time taking something with them from their contact with the victim or the objects at the crime scene. Traces of contact evidence are also very different to detect with the naked eye, and that is why criminals cannot always erase all the evidence that they leave behind. These traces are important for the crime scene investigator to find, tag and identify. They are sometimes referred to as silent evidence as they point out crucial leads that the investigators can follow by giving material bases for the leads that they follow throughout the investigation (Kaza, n.d.). Some of the most common types of trace evidence found at the crime scene include bloodstains, paint, hair, textile fibers, and glass fragments. Microscopic particles are also important because they may give clues as to what is inherently a part of the surroundings in which the crime took place and what is linked to the crime committed. There are times, however, when the perpetrator leaves traces that are hard to analyze in order to gain a probable physical description of him. For this reason, criminal investigators employ a variety of other methods that are not dependent on tangible evidence left behind by the perpetrator, relying instead on the behavioural patterns and the modus operandi of the suspect to gain a clue as to his possible whereabouts, his state of mind, and hopefully his next supposed victim. The idea is therefore to read such intangible clues and get into the mind of the perpetrator to prevent him from committing another crime and hurting another person. While these information may not be helpful in the actual prosecution of the case, they would oftentimes lead the police officers into valuable leads that can help them track down the suspect. Among the non-physical evidence based methods used by criminal investigators are criminal profiling and, more recently, geographical profiling. These methods are used to predict the subsequent actions of the perpetrator based not only on the physical evidence that he left behind but also on the conscious or unconscious choices that made before, during, and after the commission of the crime. These methods are not as accurate or exact as forensic science itself, but they do provide valuable clues as to the next steps that the police should take in order to catch the criminal faster. Criminal profiling through geography In general, criminal profiling is the art of weaving together traces left in the crime scene to develop a likely story about the criminals plan, his method of operation, his thoughts, and his next target. The aim is to provide a map of sorts that will help police investigators and forensic psychologists to nail down the perpetrator. Criminal profiling methods are becoming more and more sophisticated as well, with the help of not only advanced technological tools but also developments in behavioural sciences, particularly psychology and psychiatry. Winerman (2004) noted that informal criminal profiling had its beginnings in the 1880s, when two physicians named George Philips and Thomas Bond utilized crime scene clues to discover the personality of the British serial murderer Jack the Ripper. In the decades to come, criminal profiling methods remained largely informal and the police investigators were often left to use intuition in tracking down their quarry. It is only in the 1970s when the US Federal Bureau Investigation opened its Behavioral Science Unit that criminal profiling became an actual scientific process. From then on, it became widely accepted in law enforcement circles as a reliable technique for predicting criminal behaviour. From the nature of these techniques, it can be deduced that profiling works best only when the police investigators already have a string of clues from different crime scenes at hand. Moreover, they are also likely to have an idea of who the suspect is, or at least they have a shortlist of suspected offenders. The trick is therefore pinpointing exactly who among these individuals actually perpetrated the crime, and to catch him before he does it again. Some of the most common things that criminal profilers look at when deciphering cases where the criminal has committed a series of offenses are the following: ÂÂ · Antecedent: what is the criminal plan or fantasy behind the action? ÂÂ · Method of operations: victims identity, weapon(s) used on the victim, degree of hostility or cruelty exhibited by the act, the existence or lack of sexual overtures to the crime, method of body disposal ÂÂ · Post-offense behaviour: is the suspect trying to give false leads to the media or to the police authorities? While methods are beginning to resemble an exact science, it cannot be denied that most of the data that investigators follow up on are mere guesswork and speculations backed up by circumstantial evidence. Thus, there was a need to develop a more foolproof method that will police authorities to limit their investigation to a particular area or community, and thus crack down on the perpetrator in a shorter amount of time. It is at this juncture that criminal geographical tracking (CGT) or more commonly known as geographical profiling came to be. Knowledge of criminal mobility and the geographical characteristics of crime scenes concurrently prompted investigators to look for a way that will allow them to manage their time and resources more effectively by confining the investigation to the most probable location of the perpetrators residence or his hub of criminal activity (Holmes and Holmes 2002). The most popular name that is associated with geographical profiling is Kim Rossmo, who started to make this method of investigative profiling more exact and accurate through his doctoral dissertation at Simon Fraser University in 1995 (Ramsland 2010). He developed a computer software called the criminal geographical tracking or (CGT) that is meant to assist in cases involving violent serial crimes. It feeds a number of important geographical characteristics into the software, which in turn tries to zero in on the most probable area of residence of the offender. CGT was meant to be an information management system that can help law enforcement agents cut down on their investigation time and resources by locating an exact area where the perpetrator is most likely to reside or to operate. This pioneering technology was first adapted by the Vancouver Police Department and was later on utilized by a number of other police districts across Canada. As a method of investigation, geographic profiling works by utilizing the locations of connected series of crimes to come up with the most probable area of residence of the offender. Oftentimes, it is used in cases where serial murder, rape, arson or robbery is involved, but it can also be applied in instances of single crimes like carnapping, burglary, bombing, and others. The most important element of this kind of investigative technique is the presence of distinguishing geographical features that can point the police officers to a specific place to conduct their investigation. Rossmo likened geographical profiling to looking at the traces left by a garden sprinkler on a lawn-there is no exact way to predict where the water droplets will fall, but it will leave a pattern that will show whoever is looking at it to guess where the sprinkler was most likely located amidst the marks on the wet ground (Grierson 2003). Grierson (2003) noted that Rossmo noted four important principles underpin geographical profiling. Rossmo borrowed two concepts from the original crime-pattern theory proposed by his teachers. The first idea is that offenders often leave a buffer zone around their area of residence in order to maintain their anonymity, while the second posits that there is a distance decay that can be interpreted from the actions of offenders. That is, an offender will be more willing to travel farther from home if he thinks that the payoff for the crime will be that much greater, meaning the violence involved in the commission of the crime will also be greater. Rossmo also added his own ideas to these theoretical concepts. He incorporated what he called the least effort analysis wherein he postulated that an individual will not act without performing some kind of cost-benefit analysis for his proposed course of action. The last concept in the puzzle is that of routine-activity theory, which states that crimes can happen at the junction of opportunity and familiarity. In other words, the decision to commit the crime in a particular manner is influenced by where the criminal finds himself at the time he decided on pushing through with his criminal design. This method is highly dependent upon two basic assumptions: 1. That the set of crimes being analyzed belong to one and the same series only. This can be validated only by exhausting other police methods that will confirm that a particular set of discrete offenses can be actually be attributed to the same person. 2. Accurate and valid geographical modelling that can show travel distance to the crime sites relative to the type of crime committed, type of offender, and the area or location being studied. Geographical profiling links the geographical characteristics of the crime scene and the known propensities of serial criminals in terms of choosing their victim and the location for deed. The result of the corresponding analyses will be a map that shows the offenders area of criminal activity. The locations of the occurrence of the crime would often belie a certain rational choice on the part of the offender, which would then help the investigators to trace him to his place of residence. Geographical information systems can be adapted to fit different scales, from global to small-scale investigation. Most geographical profiling occurs at the medium scale level, applying to particular cities or neighbourhoods. Smaller areas such as individual buildings can also be subjected to geographical profiling to determine more and more specific locations for the crime, such as an elevator shaft or a fire exit. According to Harries (1999), mapping crime is an important step in criminal investigation because it helps to provide a visual representation of the course of the investigation and what the authorities have found so far based on the existing evidence. Rossmos CGT would come up with either 2D or 3D map that can show the criminals most probable locations of activity based on the past crime scenes and corresponding accuracy rates. This map represents the offenders mental map of the city based on his past experience and activities within the area, his travel routes, and reference points. Some offenders stay within a particular geographical region, while others are willing to travel great distances in order to perpetuate their criminal design. The chances of the offender being a stable or a mobile one depends on a number of factors, such as his past travel experiences, means for transportation, predatory motivations, sense of personal security and even his preferred mode of attack. Rossmo also makes the assumption that the more crimes the offender is able to commit successfully, the more confident he feels about his particular mode of operation and the more willing he is to expand his area of activity. Geographic profiling can help the investigation in a variety of ways, such as choosing the most appropriate and efficient investigative strategy, prioritizing tips and evidence, running searches on existing DNA and fingerprint databases, neighbourhood canvasses and questioning of key people associated with the suspect, and address-based searches of police records. It is not meant to be a standalone technique to solve a crime, but rather to point the investigators to a particular locality where they can more extensively concentrate their investigation efforts. Ramsland (2010) noted that some law enforcement experts are actually more confident in the turnouts that geographical profiling can give rather than the traditional investigative methods that have been used in the past. Conclusion At present, the future of geographical profiling methods seems promising because of the increasing sophistication of crime mapping techniques and technology. Geographic information systems like Rossmos CGT was the first important step in the evolution of this branch of criminal investigation in the past decade, but it seems likely that we will be seeing more and more non-conventional and innovative methods in present-day investigations. Harries (1999) predicted that technologies like global positioning system or GPS, digital photography, local police databases and even the Internet as invaluable aids to police investigations. Spatial analysis giving police investigators a definite edge over their criminal counterparts, therefore shortening the criminal investigation considerably and allowing the prosecution stage to happen earlier. One of the most important advantages that technologies like geographical profiling can offer the law enforcement circle is its ability to reduce wastage of time, effort and resources by pointing the investigators to the most probable area of activity that the offender inhabits. Instead of spreading the manpower of the authorities over a large area and spending too much time chasing down false leads, the police can now focus on a specific location and conduct a more narrowly-tailored search. Rossmos CGT has spawned a series of new technologies that are now aimed at making police work more scientific and accurate. Even if the earliest beginnings of criminal profiling were largely dependent upon luck and guesswork, advances in science and technology have made it possible for criminal investigations to proceed with more certainty. Thus, it is important for investigators to also continue using it to improve upon the technology and make it more prevalent in law enforcement.

The Sniper Essay -- English Literature Essays

The Sniper "The Sniper" places a strong emphasis on the evils of war, and yet paints a vivid image of mankind's qualities and their society. Employing the technique of describing one particular sniper to symbolise a general subject, readers are able to gain a deep insight into the evils of war. In this story, the assembly of setting, contrasting characters and themes of fanaticism and division of loyalties are vital to conveying the horror of war. On the other hand, "The Sniper" also discusses the power of war, depicting it as the decider of life and death for men. Its force is further emphasised when neighbours are turned into enemies under war's influence. The setting of the story, Dublin, has been written in such a way that only highly negative images are conveyed to portray evil. From the beginning to the end, Dublin is seen as an insecure, fearful, and vulnerable town abundant with weapons of war and associated horror.  ¡Ã‚ §Dublin lay enveloped in darkness ¡Ã‚ ¨ instantly transmits a sense of mystery, weariness and fear. This negative image is strengthened by  ¡Ã‚ §Around the beleaguered Four Courts the heavy guns roared. Here and there through the city machine guns and rifles broke the silence of the night, spasmodically like dogs barking on lone farm. ¡Ã‚ ¨ Dublin can be almost compared to a person, who has struggled under stress and is now defeated. The city is empty, apart from the roar of  ¡Ã‚ §machine guns and rifles ¡Ã‚ ¨ which have converted the city not a place of misery and ba... The Sniper Essay -- English Literature Essays The Sniper "The Sniper" places a strong emphasis on the evils of war, and yet paints a vivid image of mankind's qualities and their society. Employing the technique of describing one particular sniper to symbolise a general subject, readers are able to gain a deep insight into the evils of war. In this story, the assembly of setting, contrasting characters and themes of fanaticism and division of loyalties are vital to conveying the horror of war. On the other hand, "The Sniper" also discusses the power of war, depicting it as the decider of life and death for men. Its force is further emphasised when neighbours are turned into enemies under war's influence. The setting of the story, Dublin, has been written in such a way that only highly negative images are conveyed to portray evil. From the beginning to the end, Dublin is seen as an insecure, fearful, and vulnerable town abundant with weapons of war and associated horror.  ¡Ã‚ §Dublin lay enveloped in darkness ¡Ã‚ ¨ instantly transmits a sense of mystery, weariness and fear. This negative image is strengthened by  ¡Ã‚ §Around the beleaguered Four Courts the heavy guns roared. Here and there through the city machine guns and rifles broke the silence of the night, spasmodically like dogs barking on lone farm. ¡Ã‚ ¨ Dublin can be almost compared to a person, who has struggled under stress and is now defeated. The city is empty, apart from the roar of  ¡Ã‚ §machine guns and rifles ¡Ã‚ ¨ which have converted the city not a place of misery and ba...

Proso Millet as an Alternative Crop Essay -- Agriculture Farming Envir

Proso Millet as an Alternative Crop Proso millet, Panicurn miliaceum (L.), is a warm season grass that is capable of producing seeds within a short growing season of 60 to 100 days (Boland, 2003). Proso millet possesses many unique characteristics that make it a promising alternative cash crop for the Great Plains region of United States. There is much potential for beneficial results if proso millet is further integrated into the cropping scheme of the Great Plains. Reasons for looking further into proso millet include benefits in crop rotation with wheat, and its characteristic ability to be used to produce ethanol, as well as other products. Proso millet commonly grows up to four feet tall, and the seeds are small round seeds about two millimeters in diameter (Proso Millet, 1996). Other common names for proso millet include millet, yellow millet and yellow hog. (Baltensperger) Proso millet traces its origins back to ancient times when it was grown as a cereal grain. Proso millet has been grown in many areas of the world, including Russia, China, Romania, Afghanistan, Turkey, and India (Baltensperger). In many of these countries, proso millet is produced as a human food source (Boland, 2003). Currently, proso millet is produced in the United States primarily for birdseed and livestock feed (Boland, 2003). In the United States, proso millet is also used in some products made for human consumption. The majority of proso millet grown in the United States has white or yellow seeds, however, some red seeded proso millet is also grown (Boland, 2003). Proso millet is mainly utilized as a crop placed in millet/wheat/fallow rotations. One reason for placing proso millet in a crop rotation is that it i... ... and marketing proso millet in the high plains. University of Nebraska Cooperative Extension EC 95-137-C, Retrieved Nov 06, 2005, from http://ianrpubs.unl.edu/fieldcrops/ec137.pdf. Proso millet. (1996). Retrieved Nov. 06, 2005, from Proso Millet Web site: http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/Crops/Proso_millet.html. Acreage. (2005). Retrieved Nov. 06, 2005, from USDA Acreage Report Web site: http://usda.mannlib.cornell.edu/reports/nassr/field/pcp-bba/acrg0605.txt. Boland, M. (2003). Proso millet. Retrieved Nov. 06, 2005, from Proso Millet Web site: http://test.agmrc.org/agmrc/commodity/grainsoilseeds/prosomillet. Blumenthal, J. M., & Baltensperger, D. D. (). Fertilizing proso millet. Nebraska Cooperative Extension G89-924-A (Revised December 2002), Retrieved Nov 06, 2005, from http://ianrpubs.unl.edu/fieldcrops/g924.htm

History of Rwanda Essay -- Genocide in Rwanda, Politics

Colonial rule in Rwanda began in 1895. It was used as the primary force for governing during that time and led to the emergence of Rwanda’s national identity. During the colonial era German and Belgian officials regarded the Tutsi, Hutu, and Twa as three distinct national groups. The colonial authorities helped the Rwandan monarchy to centralize its control and expand their social system throughout the Rwandan territory. This eliminated the local social and political variations that had been established earlier in the pre-colonial period. By creating new state institutions in Rwanda, colonial officials were able to import the ideas of nationality associated with the modern nation-state. Ensuing social and political issues surround the idea of how Rwandan nationality should be defined. In other words, which ethnic groups should be considered â€Å"true† citizens of Rwanda? This concern is overshadowing the validity of Rwandan as a national identity. The three ethnic groups found within Rwanda come from a combination of a vast amount of immigration and several economic and social differences. Traditionally it is known that the Twa groups were the original inhabitants; the Hutu migrated from the west, and the Tutsi followed much later from the northeast. Each group naturally took on the language and most cultural practices found in Rwanda, although they implemented some of their own practices as well. The differentiation amongst the groups occurred only during the colonial period and stemmed mainly from European ideas about race and identity than from historic cultural patterns. Colonial administrators attempted to organize power in Rwanda along ethnic lines, and began instituting policies that made the Hutu pariahs and favored the Tuts... ...n support of the overall Government of Rwanda’s initiatives for development, the USAID aims to improve the health and living situations of Rwandans as well as increase the economic and political expansion. To achieve this, USAID tries to promote the improvement of maternal and child health, agriculture and tourism, a more democratic Rwanda, and providing food aid to those that suffer the most. The Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) (created by the Bush Administration in 2004) works toward granting foreign aid to countries in need. Currently the MCC has collaborated with the USAID to obtain approval of the Threshold Country Plan submitted by the Government of Rwanda in November 2007. Once approved, the plan will be put into use by USAID and will focus on amplifying the forms of justice found in Rwanda; along with civic participation, and human and civil rights. History of Rwanda Essay -- Genocide in Rwanda, Politics Colonial rule in Rwanda began in 1895. It was used as the primary force for governing during that time and led to the emergence of Rwanda’s national identity. During the colonial era German and Belgian officials regarded the Tutsi, Hutu, and Twa as three distinct national groups. The colonial authorities helped the Rwandan monarchy to centralize its control and expand their social system throughout the Rwandan territory. This eliminated the local social and political variations that had been established earlier in the pre-colonial period. By creating new state institutions in Rwanda, colonial officials were able to import the ideas of nationality associated with the modern nation-state. Ensuing social and political issues surround the idea of how Rwandan nationality should be defined. In other words, which ethnic groups should be considered â€Å"true† citizens of Rwanda? This concern is overshadowing the validity of Rwandan as a national identity. The three ethnic groups found within Rwanda come from a combination of a vast amount of immigration and several economic and social differences. Traditionally it is known that the Twa groups were the original inhabitants; the Hutu migrated from the west, and the Tutsi followed much later from the northeast. Each group naturally took on the language and most cultural practices found in Rwanda, although they implemented some of their own practices as well. The differentiation amongst the groups occurred only during the colonial period and stemmed mainly from European ideas about race and identity than from historic cultural patterns. Colonial administrators attempted to organize power in Rwanda along ethnic lines, and began instituting policies that made the Hutu pariahs and favored the Tuts... ...n support of the overall Government of Rwanda’s initiatives for development, the USAID aims to improve the health and living situations of Rwandans as well as increase the economic and political expansion. To achieve this, USAID tries to promote the improvement of maternal and child health, agriculture and tourism, a more democratic Rwanda, and providing food aid to those that suffer the most. The Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) (created by the Bush Administration in 2004) works toward granting foreign aid to countries in need. Currently the MCC has collaborated with the USAID to obtain approval of the Threshold Country Plan submitted by the Government of Rwanda in November 2007. Once approved, the plan will be put into use by USAID and will focus on amplifying the forms of justice found in Rwanda; along with civic participation, and human and civil rights.

Roles and Functions

Managers, whether they manage a fast food restaurant or a major health facility, need to perform their job efficiently to ensure the success of their organization (Expert Manage, 2008). The management process is comprised of four main functions and when utilized properly can make an organization run smoothly. The four main functions are planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. The first step in this process is planning what the nest course of action will be to achieve a pre-determined set of goals. A good manager determines the objective and what action needs to be taken to achieve those goals (Lombardi, Schermerhorn, Jr. , & Kramer, 2007). Organization is a crucial next step in the process. Managers, especially health care managers, need to be organized. Being organized can increase efficiency and productivity tremendously. This element in the process aids a manger when assigning specific duties to more than one individual, allocating resources’, and tracking the progression of the project. Leadership and control are the two final elements in the management process. Effective managers lead their team members by taking control of the project and determining the path that must be followed to ensure the success of the project. Managers must possess strong leadership skills. A strong leader leads by example, motivates and encourages team members to put forth their best effort. This can be achieved through open communication and mutual respect for one another. Health care managers can spend a significant amount of time communicating, decision making, problem solving, employee development, and collaborating with other departments/organizations (PubMed, 1999). All functions are important and work more efficiently when performed together; however effective leadership is crucial in the success of a health care organization. Strong leaders motivate their team members to perform at their highest level. The right motivation increases productivity, morale, and employee longevity rates. All these factors can ultimately increase patient satisfaction as well. One good manager can have a positive impact throughout an entire organization. Although I have not completed this class, my hope is to gain a better understanding of the management process and how to use the knowledge to become an asset to my organization. Whether I become a manager or a strong team member, I want to be able to lead or assist to the best of my ability. You are only as strong as the knowledge you posses, but it is also important to use that knowledge for the betterment of all. The success of any organization depends on the strength of that organization as a whole, and it takes more than one person to make that happen. My goal is to become one part of a successful organization no matter the title. References Lombardi, D. N., & Schermerhorn, J. R. (2007). Health care management: Tools and techniques for managing in a health care environment. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. Expert Manager, (2008). Four functions of management. Retrieved July 1, 2013 from: http://expertmanage.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=122&Itemid=166 PubMed.gov. (1999). Health care managers’ and administrators’ roles: Functions and responsibilities. Retrieved July 1, 2013 from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.gov/pubmed/10363017

Qwerty

The egress of native Dependency on Computers Extreme Dependency on Technology Technology, high-priced or bad? Some verbalise its great, but that is said by drug intakers virtually illegal substances as easy. They ar essentially one in the same(p) once you cede use them and they become part of your life, you are neer the same again. Once you cast off reoceanrched via computer, or found your way to an unfamiliar neighborhood with a gps, doing it the old way is neer as easy or as foolproof as it once was. These days, when you light-colored your phone or purge induct teensy reception, you worry your pulse races, your palms sweat, and you perspire.This is non good. Something that used to make our lives easier now makes our lives harder. nearly of us dont even know how to use a presentping or to mail a earn any more than. The library, whats that? If you go to a library, its probably to use the internet, non to strike a book. The computer is a wondrous inventio n if you uniform moving fast. We hindquarters do eerything a computer can, unpack it takes us practically spaciouser. Wall highway is a big blue and commonalty blur of humming computers and screens, it almost seems to have a life of its own, its alike an urban jungle.If that system crashes, our economy falls to the ground in flames as well. Books are written in months instead of years. drill becomes a mad thrash to ride everything typed, created, or liberateed in on clock. What happened to good old constitution and calculators? Calculators are a hot issue in my opinion. While they are wonderful weeny contraptions, our dependency on calculators is worrying. When I take the air by that door into the calc room, my grade rests in the hands of a small promising piece of blue plastic specked with smooth yellow buttons and stuffed with four triple-A batteries.Compare me to a crack addict, honestly with erupt my Texas instruments calculator Im as good as dead. Gpss are a mazing little gadgets. Ab turn up the size of a track of bread, they help you find your way like a personal tour look at perched on your dashboard. Maps might as well be elevator carved in oppose theyre old news. Does a map tell you where the nearest taco toll is? Does it recalculate when you miss a turn? Unfortunately, no Gpss are a godsend for the directionally challenged. The subtle, warm feeling of action you get when you find your way about with a crumpled up paper map is likely gone for good, its a shame.Survival of the fittest, I guess. however when you manoeuver out of batteries, or your gps breaks good mickle finding your way. They are as addicting as anything else humankind has created. As I was browsing for a topic for my illustrative essay, something ridiculous happened. I clicked my merry little way to Google. And at heart minutes, I had a topic, quite an ironically, about dependency on computers. My initial position on what to write about did not come a bout by careful thought and planning, it came about through Google and my horrid dependency on computers.Dependency on computers is unavoidable, unless you are Amish or a process of a tribe deep within the jungle. Computers have allowed us the monu noetic acquirement of space travel, the wonder of deep sea submersibles, and the deadliness of heat seeking missiles. No incertitude, great achievements not possible without computers. But for everyday activities like finding your way, doing mental math, or writing a paper, computers are a shortcut, they make life easier. We ingest to learn to do things with and without a computer. For example, I know many people who cannot do mental math to save their lives.At this point, engineering is really part of us. Instead of having that acquaintance of simple math to rely on, we get to upon the base that calculators provide instead. More forward-looking math is not possible without that engineering, though honestly we should be able to do it either way. Through this its much(prenominal) easier to screw things up once you have become used to listening to medical specialty anywhere, any epoch, through your ipod, its a sedative to not have music. If your ipod breaks, its almost like quitting smoking. You MUST buy a new one, you cant rightful(prenominal) stop listening.Cell phones are an utmost convenience. no(prenominal) a child or of age(p) citizen lacks one, and they do everything from email to texting to taking pictures. How coherent until they come equipped with electric toothbrushes? If youve ever been in an accident or had car trouble, that cell phone is your lifeline, and at that place is no alternative. You cannot mail someone and pay phones are nearly nonexistent. Without your phone, you get the jitters, you feel unsafe, and out of it. It happens to me on those days where I bury and leave it at home I know 95% of the population is the same way.So obviously technology had done much good. Our quality of living has gone up substantially. But at the same time being perched up her in this greatly advanced society, on top of laden of microchips and USB ports, its a stilt easier to sustain our footing and tumble back to earth. At some point, the infrastructure will wrinkle everything needs an overhaul sooner or later. We would live in much more stable times if it were not for computers. On the same note, we would live in a much slower, less equipped humanness. Is his a good trade off? It depends on your outlook and opinion. There is no doubt technology can crash and burn, and there is no doubt that technology has change out lives. Hopefully we can poise it before something drastic happens and we are go forth moving at 1889 speed. Thus technology has made it a whole lot easier to do most things and much easier to lot them up a double-edged brand Computer addictionis a mental illness which founts the excessive use ofcomputersto the cessation that it interferes with daily li fe.Excessive use whitethorn exempt problems in social interaction, mood, personality, work ethic, relationships, thought processes, orsleep deprivation. The Diagnostic and statistical Manual of Mental Disorders does not imply a diagnosis for such a disease. The term ? computer addiction? originated long before the Internet. Some people build bad habits in their computer use that cause them significant problems in their lives. The types of behaviour and negative consequences are similar to those of cognise addictive disorders.Contentshide * 1Effects * 2Origin of the term * 3 news report * 4See also * 5References - editEffects Excessive computer use may result in, or occur with * lack of social interaction. * Using the computer for pleasure, gratification, or relief from stress. * Feeling irritable and out of control or depressed when not using it. * Spending increasing amounts of time and money on hardware, software, magazines, and computer-related activities. Neglecting work, school, or family obligations. * trickery about the amount of time spent on computer activities. * Risking loss of vocation goals, educational objectives, and personal relationships. * Failing at repeated efforts to control computer use. * neer getting off the computer. A cause for many of the above-mentioned effects may be that computer games do not stimulate the release of neurotransmitters responsible for feelings of propitiation and relaxation, such as oxytocin and endorphin, in the same way that real world activities do.

Ranbaxy Case Project Essay

Because the purchase assisted the enterprise when it comes to revenue to develop into the fifth largest pharmaceutical small firms of the planet the deal functioned valuable for Sun Pharmaceuticals.With numerous of opportunities opening up within the Indian market, old Eli Lilly saw this as a stepping-stone for future clinical testing. Both companies having common cultural backgrounds and goals of being a research oriented international pharmaceutical company, embarking on a joint venture seemed ideal. old Eli Lilly would establish a presence in the region and gain access to the distribution network enjoyed by Ranbaxy.Furthermore, this JV would result in lower costs in production as well as basic research, which are considerable factors in their broad strategy.Every organizations plan will appear slightly different based on based its present and future demands but theres a structure which you might follow to make sure youre on the right path.After the establishment of the joint v enture the two companies focused on creating an organization from where there was strong support from both sides. Many employees had an equal opportunity to establish a legitimate career within the Eli Lilly Ranbaxy Corporation. Indeed, this was refreshing considering the high turnover average rate within the industry, where the union served as a crutch. Within a year after building the infrastructure from the ground up, the JV was able to launch different products and had more than 200 employees.

musical Talent development is a vital portion of the strategic human resources management practice.Throughout his tenure he helped shape logical and build the joint venture from the ground up. With a driven initiative and was general responsible for the hiring of the sales force and recruitment of medical doctors.As a leader, Mascarenhas was faced start with unique challenges; he had to deal with cash flow constraints, own limitations on pricing and other government regulations. Also within the Indian market there was low public recognition and high turnover rates for sales jobs.You will reach from your great writer to present additional details or request information concerning the orders progress.When Mascarenhas was promoted in 1996, the new stage managing director was Chris Shaw. Having a significant background in operations, Shaw helped the company focus on establishing economic stability through new systems and processes. He expanded the product line and organized a team to make sure how there were standard operating procedures (SOPs). These procedures would help the joint venture maintain a productive flow.

Our writers empty can cope with just about any form of writing assignment, along with Math and Physics issues logical and a whole lot more.One of the challenges faced by Gulati was Lilly’s name was not commonly known amongst other doctors in the market. Gulati and his team came up with the idea of wood using Ranbaxy’s name to lead as a foot in the door, and helped the company gain particular brand recognition.Also Gulati faced the challenge of trying to distribute a product that was already being sold amongst manufacturers. Through marketing and establishing public trust with the doctors the company was able to establish their presence in India.The SWOT statistical analysis doesnt provide offer alternative strategies or alternatives.Overall the performance of the IJV was a success. Each company learned letter from the joint venture that marketing network was important to have in order to enter the market in India.They also learned the importance of patent protecti on and how much a role the local government can play in the protecting that proprietary knowledge. A patent is needed in order to price their products, and to protect their innovation for a certain time.

Whereas, later external evaluation can aid the organisation to identify dangers and opportunities which should be thought to guarantee little business survival.Overall Eli Lilly Ranbaxy gained vital cooperation and communication amongst each other. Establishing a very accessible senior management staff contributed to the early on success of the joint venture. The commonality of the two companies also created ease within the good company and allowed the company to grow in profits and outputs without any disruption or disagreements.Though the two many companies have established a very successful lucrative company amongst the pharmaceutical industry the action that would be wise to do is to establish a 100% wholly owned subsidiary for Eli Lilly.The business isnt a pay master in that business.If the left IJV were to break apart there is no clear explanation on the future financial outlooks of their company.Furthermore, it best can create an unforeseen competition. However, it would allow each company to focus on their own agendas and it would also inject much needed cash flow for Ranbaxy and allow them to concentrate on the generic market. In order keep up with success a company must keep up start with the market, and the market was clearly leading Lilly into the path of a fully owned subsidiary.

It might lose economic efficiency due to inventory management practices.Employees are valuable and they handled with respect.Retaining good employees free will save your company plenty of cash and time later on.Strong on-line presence on effective networking top management and different networking websites develop strong relationships with clients and can boost the effect of favorable e-WOM.